Wolves
Wolf History, Conservation, Ecology and Behavior
[www.wolfology.com]
Gray Wolf Recovery Status Reports, January 2004
JANUARY 2-9, 2004
2004 North American Interagency Wolf Conference Registration Available Online
Online registration is now available for the 2004 North American Interagency Wolf Conference taking place April 6-8 at Chico Hot Springs Resort in Pray, Montana. Please register online at
https://www.keysecure.com/forwolves.org/confer2004.html
This conference, now in its 16th year, involves state, tribal and federal natural resource agencies, university and related organizations participating in active wolf management and recovery efforts. This year's theme is "Working Collaboratively Toward Long Term Wolf Conservation." The keynote speaker is Dr. Lu Carbyn, author of "The Buffalo Wolf: Predators, Prey, and the Politics of Nature" and renowned wolf biologist and research scientist emeritus for the Canadian Wildlife Service.
Past conference speakers include Ed Bangs, L. David Mech, Paul Paquet, Rolf Peterson, Doug Smith, and other leading wolf experts, forensics and law enforcement specialists, livestock conflict managers, and field researchers. The conference is sponsored by US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Wolf Recovery Foundation, Defenders of Wildlife, Yellowstone National Park, andthe Nez Perce Tribe.
Papers are now being accepted for the conference. Please submit a one page single-spaced abstract which includes your full contact information, affiliations and authors, by email to Joe Fontaine at Joseph_Fontaine@fws.gov, and please cc an additional copy to Suzanne Stone at sstone@defenders.org. If possible, please submit a digital picture related to your research or topic to include in the agenda and on the website. Abstracts should be received by February 1, 2004.
We can also scan images sent by mail to:
Joseph Fontaine, Asst. Recovery Coordinator
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
100 N. Park St, Suite 320
Helena, MT 59601
Monitoring
NEW WEB ADDRESS- See the 2002 annual wolf report at http://westerngraywolf.fws.gov/ for maps of wolf pack locations and home ranges, tables of wolf numbers and depredations, litigation and funding issues, and summaries of scientific studies. The 2003 annual report is in preparation.
On December 11, 2003 the Nez Perce Tribe Wolf Recovery Program received a report from an IDFG C.O. that a coyote trapper had incidentally caught a wolf which had broken the trap chain and was running free with a #3 trap and 12" of chain on its foot [as reported in the Dec 12 wolf weekly]. He felt certain the animal was a wolf, based on the fact that it broke the chain and size of track. We thank him for quickly reporting the incident. The trap site was near where uncollared members of the Wildhorse Pack are often seen. On December 13, WS specialist Williamson and NP biologist Babcock arrived at the trap site. Snow tracking revealed it was a coyote, not a wolf. They followed the tracks several hours and finally located the trapped coyote. It had a sore foot but was safely released from the trap. This incident reminds us that coyotes can be easily mistaken for wolves and that verification of field evidence by trained professionals is a must to obtain accurate information. It also reminds trappers to use heavy well-secured trap chains and to check them regularly while trapping. Even heavy-duty chains can be accidentally hit with hammers or axes while making or retrieving sets, and the resulting breaks/cracks can result in lost traps and animals.
An adult female from the Slough Creek pack in YNP was found dead on 1/11. The pack was feeding on an adult cow elk kill at the top of a cliff and the female’s bloody carcass was at the bottom of the cliff. We are speculating that she fell/pushed off the cliff while the pack was attacking the elk. The carcasses will be examined as soon as possible.
Nez Perce Tribal biologists are preparing for their winter helicopter capture effort in central Idaho that starts the 19th.
Control
A threesome of adult wolves [one radioed] near Thermopolis, WY [Owl Creek] killed an adult cow on private land on the 6 or 7th. Cattle had already been moved from the area and the area was being searched for strays when the cow’s fresh carcass was found. It was confirmed as a wolf depredation by WS. No control is planned at this time since cattle were already moved from the area.
The wolf[ves] did not return to the area where several calves were killed near Baggs, WY. No specific control is being conducted but if a wolf is seen in that area WS is authorized to lethally take up to two.
The wolf control action near Pinedale, WY is also on idle mode. There are 2 feed grounds in that area and WY G&F does not want aircraft flying low near the elk so it is not being intensively searched by air. No other problems have been reported. The ranch still has an active shoot-on-sight permit but no wolves have been taken.
Research
Toni Ruth, Doug Smith, et. al. published "Large-carnivore response to recreational hunting along the Yellowstone National Park and Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness boundary" Wildlife Society Bulletin 2003, Vol 31(4). The study generally found that when rifle hunting seasons start elk move into the Park to escape hunters. Grizzly bears move outside the Park to feed on gut piles, mountain lions move in the Park to hunt live elk, and wolves didn’t change their movements as they fed both on gut piles and live elk.
Another publication worth looking at is: Citation is:Musiani, M., Mamo, C., Boitani, L., Callaghan, C., Gates, C.C., Mattei, L., Visalberghi, E., Breck, S., and Volpi, G. (2003) Wolf depredation trends and the use of fladry as barriers to protect livestock in western North America. Conservation Biology 17: 1538-1547. The study took place in Alberta and Idaho and indicated fladry barriers restricted wolf movements for up to 60 days.
Information and education and law enforcement
On the 8th, Fontaine made a presentation at a meeting held by the Montana Range Conservation District in Red Lodge, MT. He was part of a panel on "Living with wolves." On the 10th he was part of a similar panel, with [Sime] MT FW&P and WS [Glazier] in Deer Lodge, MT. About 60 people attended each of these meetings.
On the 9th and 10th, Bangs met with other members of the Southwestern Distinct Population Segment gray wolf recovery team in NM.
The Service's weekly wolf report can now also be viewed at the Service's Region 6 web site at http://westerngraywolf.fws.gov/ . This report is government public property and can be used for any purpose. Please distribute as you see fit.
Contact: Ed Bangs (406)449-5225 x204 or ED_BANGS@FWS.GOV

JANUARY 9-16, 2004
Monitoring
On the 12th, Jimenez and Hawkins & Powers Helicopters radioed collared 4 black wolves from the Teton pack [2 netted and 2 darted]. The alpha female was re-radioed and 3 pups [2 male and a female] were also captured. The pack consists of 2 adults and 6 pups, but a couple of yearlings tend to come and go from the pack so its size fluctuates between 8 and 11 members.
On the 13th and 14th, National Park biologists and Hawkins & Powers Helicopters captured and radio-collared 13 more wolves [3 in Agate, 2 in Leopold, $ in Druid, and $ in Slough Creek.
The last radioed Sentinel pack wolf [S. of Ennis, MT] was located on mortality this week. It was near where 2 other radioed Sentinel wolves died and might have even died about the same time - November, which is late in Montana’s big game rifle hunting season. Snow has hindered recovery of their carcasses but their deaths are under LE investigation. On the 16, Fontaine went to recover the carcass of a Big Hole, MT wolf. On the 15th he heard a mortality signal and saw its carcass in a creek. Its death is also under LE investigation.
A radioed 1-2 year old male from Taylor Peak wolf, that apparently has mange, was reported hanging out near ranch buildings. An investigation showed he was sleeping in a hay stack - likely to escape the cold weather. He is being closely monitored. He left that immediate area but if he appears to in too poor of condition or becomes a nuisance he will be euthanized.
Nez Perce Tribal biologists are preparing for their winter helicopter capture effort in central Idaho that starts the 19th. Hawkins & Powers will conduct the netgunning and darting operation.
Control
The wolf[ves] has not returned to the area where 2 heifers [mistakenly reported as calves last week] were killed and 4 others wounded between Wamsutter and Baggs, WY earlier this month. No specific control is being conducted but if wolves are seen in that area WS is authorized to take up to two wolves opportunistically.
Another 600lb. calf was reported as a possible depredation near Pinedale, WY on private land on the 13th, near where other depredations occurred last week. WS investigated and the calf’s death was not caused by wolves. WS is authorization to remove 2 wolves out of the 4 in that group. The ranch still has an active shoot on site permit for 2 wolves, but no wolves have been taken.
On the 14th, Wildlife Services confirmed a heifer was killed by wolves near Meeteesee, WY. This area is used by the Greybull River pack and they had several cattle killed this fall. WS is authorized to removed 2 wolves from the pack of 7-8. They will trap is possible and radio-collar and release a wolf on site. The last radioed pack member was illegally shot this fall so there is no way to easily find and remove the offending wolves or document other problems.
Research
The cooperative study of wolf and elk interactions near elk winter feed grounds by the Service, Wyoming Game & Fish, Forest Service and Grand Teton National Park has begun. Four volunteers are examining wolf-killed elk and documenting the response of elk on feed grounds to wolves. So far elk are still widely scattered and while wolves have killed a few on the winter feedgrounds but there doesn’t appear to be much interaction yet as the wolves are traveling very widely.
Information and education and law enforcement
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service said on Jan. 12, 2004 that the process to delist the western population of gray wolves can begin once Wyoming approves key changes to state law and its wolf management plan. At the same time, the Service announced that wolf management plans developed by Idaho and Montana are adequate to maintain the population of gray wolves above established recovery goals. The review of each state’s management plans included peer review by 11 national wolf experts and state responses to those peer review comments. The Service’s responsibilities under the Endangered Species Act include ensuring that adequate management controls are in place to maintain population levels above recovery goals. Even with approval of the plans developed by Idaho and Montana, delisting cannot at this time be proposed because of significant concerns about Wyoming’s existing state law as well as its wolf management plan. Wolves in the three states are part of the same Distinct Population Segment and delisting occurs by population segment, not by state boundaries. The Service released letters sent to all three states announcing the status of their state wolf management plans and what needs to happen before the delisting process can move forward. Specifically, Wyoming must adequately address each of the following three concerns of the Service in order to provide greater assurance that management controls are in place to maintain population levels above recovery goals:
(1) Wyoming’s predatory animal status for wolves must be changed. The designation of wolves as "trophy game" statewide would allow Wyoming to devise a management strategy that provides for self-sustaining populations above recovery goals, regulated harvest and adequate monitoring of that harvest.
(2) The Wyoming state law must clearly commit to managing for at least 15 wolf packs that are well-distributed in northwestern Wyoming.
(3) As stated in the Wyoming plan, the definition of a pack must be consistent among the three states and should be biologically based. The three states are currently collaborating on the criteria that defines a wolf pack. If requested, the Service will help provide guidance to the Wyoming Department of Game and Fish in developing these changes.
On the 15th, Assist Secretary Paul Hoffman, Assistant Regional Director John Blankenship, and FWS Wyoming field supervisor Brian Kelly met with members of the Wyoming Legislative committee to discuss the Service’s position on the Wyoming state wolf law and wolf plan.
On the 16, Bangs and MT FW&P biologists met in Bozeman, MT with Wildlife Conservation Society biologists and an exchange group of about a dozen representatives from hunting and wildlife management organizations for the hunting lease system in Primorshiy Krai [equvilant to state/province] in the Russian Far East to discuss predator and ungulate management. They met with Smith in YNP on the 18th.
JANUARY 16-23, 2004
Monitoring
Nez Perce Tribal biologists began their winter helicopter capture effort in central Idaho on the 19th. Hawkins & Powers will conduct the netgunning and darting operation. Crews will be trying to tag packs through next week but so far things have been going well when the weather allowed. As of the 21st, wolves were radio-collared in the Cook pack [3 near the Salmon River], Scott Mountain pack [3 NE Boise], French Creek pack [2 Anderson Creek] and Hazard Lake pack [4 near Riggins]. Good going crew.
Two radioed wolves [335M and 281M] from the Taylor Peak pack in the Madison Valley are being monitored closely by Asher and Ross [MT FW&P]. One of the wolves was living in a hay stack near ranch building, obviously trying to escape freezing to death during an early Jan. cold snap [-30F]. Its amazing they can survive even typical winter weather and sometimes often don’t. He has since moved from that area but if he becomes a nuisance he will be euthanized. Both of the wolves have extensive hair loss [almost bare] on the tail, belly and back legs and have been seen scavenging on the remains of hunter-killed elk. Early this year pups from this pack were euthanized because of extremely poor condition and extensive mange infestation.
Control
The Fox creek pack in the Big Hole Valley killed another calf on the 20th. Except for moose, nearly all the wild ungulates migrate out of this area in winter. A pack member was shot by WS on the 21st but was in a very remote location and its carcass could not be recovered. This pack has killed 5 cattle in 4 separate depredations starting Dec 5, 2003 and likely wounded 5 others [one confirmed] starting in mid-November. WS was authorized to remove the entire pack, if possible. There were no radioed pack members. On the 22nd, WS shot the remaining 6 pack members near Polaris, MT. As would be expected, the 7 grey-colored wolves, were a new adult pair and their 5 pups. The pelts and skulls will be used for educational purposes.
A calf was confirmed killed by the Greybull River pack near Meeteese, WY. WS is authorized to shoot or trap 2 wolves at the carcass or in that area. There are no radios in this pack because the last radioed member was illegally killed this fall. Its death is under investigation.
On the 23rd, WS shot two uncollared wolves [grey and a black] from the Pinedale, WY foursome. They had killed calves on a couple of occasions this winter. The ranch is between two state elk winter feedgrounds. Two radio-collared wolves remain, one of them with a non-functioning radio. Agency control has been completed unless other depredations are reported but the landowner still has a shoot-on-site permit for 2 wolves.
Research
The cooperative study of wolf and elk interactions near elk winter feed grounds by the Service, Wyoming Game & Fish, Forest Service and Grand Teton National Park has begun. Four volunteers, Lindsey Reynolds, Leah Stanberg, Miguel Licona, and Susannah Phillips, are examining wolf killed elk and documenting the response of elk on feed grounds to wolves. The elk are currently widely scattered and have not started to intensively use the feedgrounds. Apparently a second case of brucellosis in cattle was confirmed in WY and the state may lose their brucellosis free status which may affect WY cattle markets. Some have tried to falsely stretch this issue to implicate wolves, ie. wolves pushed the elk off the feedgrounds to mix with cattle and this caused cattle to become infected. If it were only that simple.
Recent papers of interest. Smith, Douglas et al. 2004. ‘Winter prey selection and estimation of wolf kill rates in Yellowstone National Park 1995-2000.’ Kunkel, Kyran et al. 2004. J. Wildl. Manage. 68:153. ‘Factors correlated with foraging behavior of wolves in and near Glacier National Park, Montana.’ J. Wildl. Manage. 68:167. Cook, John, et al, 2004. ‘Effects of summer-autumn nutrition and parturition date on reproduction and survival of elk.’ Wildl. Mono. 155. Naughton, Lisa et al., 2003. ‘Paying for tolerance: Rural citizen’s attitudes toward wolf depredation and compensation.’ Cons. Biol. 17:1500. Shivik et al. 2003. ‘Nonlethal techniques for managing predation: Primary and secondary repellents.’ Cons. Biol. 17:1531.
Information and education and law enforcement
On the 20th, Bangs and MT FW&P Direct Hagner and Chief of Staff Smith, and Handegard and Hoover (WS) met with the Montana Association of Counties in Helena. The wolf management program and potential for delisting was discussed. About 20 people attended the 2-hour meeting. Many concerns were expressed about missing livestock, compensation, excessive impact to big game populations, wolves contributing to ranch subdivisions, and especially the Service’s rejection of the Wyoming wolf plan.
Jimenez and WS WY District Supervisor Nelson met in Rawlins, WY with the Range Conservation group for that area on the 23rd. Many local folks were wondering what’s up? and What are the regulations allowed now that a wolf has been seen near Wamsutter/Baggs. WY?
Hartman and pilot Dave Hoerner located Lupine wolf B79 in mortality mode SW of Lolo Pass. The location was several miles from highway 12, but the fog was so dense that the site couldn't be seen from the air. The mortality will be investigated by USFWS and the Nez Perce Tribe.
GRAY WOLF POISONED NEAR CLAYTON, IDAHO- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service law enforcement agents have recently confirmed poisoning as the cause of death of a gray wolf in Idaho, and are seeking information from the public to help solve the crime. The collared wolf, known as B-143, was found to have been killed by a poison known as Compound 1080. The animal's carcass was found 6 miles northwest of Clayton, Idaho, in the Squaw Creek Drainage on May 18, 2003. Compound 1080 (sodium fluoroacetate) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, water soluble, highly toxic chemical. The misuse of this chemical is unlawful. This chemical can be ingested by livestock, family pets, hikers, and children and can result in death from respiratory failure, seizures and heart attack. Animals or small children are most susceptible to poisoning due to ingestion, but the substance's toxins can also enter animal or human bloodstreams through contact with abraded skin or wounds, or through the respiratory system if dust particles are inhaled. "We are very interested in finding whoever is responsible for the crime. If anyone has information about the illegal killing of wolves, please contact the Service's law enforcement division. Callers may remain anonymous," said Scott Kabasa, a Special Agent in the Service's Boise field office. The killing of an animal protected under the Endangered Species Act is punishable by a fine of up to $100,000 and one year in jail. The Service is offering a reward of up to $2,500 for information leading to an arrest or conviction of the person or persons responsible for the poisoning of wolves. Service law enforcement agents may be reached at (208) 378-5333.
JANUARY 23-20, 2004

Monitoring
Nez Perce Tribal biologists concluded their 2-week winter helicopter capture effort in central Idaho, this week. Hawkins & Powers conducted the netgunning and darting operation. There were 27 captures and 26 collars were put out (including one re-collar) with the following pack breakdown: Cook- 3 new collars on B1744, B175, and B176 to go along with B168; French/Partridge Ck. wolves- 2 new collars on B180 and B181 to go along with B172; Scott Mt.- 3 new collars on B177, B178, and B179 to go along with B78 and B115; Hazard Lake- 4 new collars on B182, B183, B184, and B185 to go along with B105; Steel Mt.- 4 new collars on B186, B187, B188, and B189 to go along with R241; B019 and mate- replaced collar on B109 and new collar on B190; Soldier Mt.- 2 new collars on B191 and B192 to go along with B149 and B150; Buffalo Ridge- 2 new collars on B193 and B194 to go along with B93 and B95; Castle Peak- 1 new collar on B195 to go along with B2; and Morgan Creek- 3 new collars on B196, B197, and B198 to go along with B160. Congratulations on a very successful and safe capture effort.
Control
Reports were filed by rangers about 2 wolves (#302M & 356M) that were walking the road in Yellowstone National Park and did not appear very afraid of people. The Park is closely monitoring the situation and will use aversive conditioning methods if necessary. The Park wolf management protocol calls for harassment of any seemingly "bold" wolves, including use of less-than-lethal munitions [cracker shells and rubber bullets]. If that doesn’t work, any chronically bold or habituated wolves would be euthanized.

Information and education and law enforcement
A National Wildlife Federation wolf course is now up and running. It can be accessed at NWF's Wildlife University webpage (www.nwf.org/wildlifeuniversity), as part of the Endangered
Species Series. It includes audio lecture on wolf biology by Dr. L. David Mech, video clips, a ‘debate’ on wolf reclassification and potential delisting by Pat Parenteau, Vermont School of Law and Wolf Recovery Coordinator Bangs, and lots of good basic wolf information. It’s a very well done website and worth a look to learn about wolves and wolf issues.
Jimenez and WS WY District Supervisor Nelson met in Rawlins, WY with the Range Conservation group for that area on the 23rd. Nearly 100 people attended.
Fontaine attended a meeting on the 21st held by the Madison Valley Ranch Lands weed committee to discuss the use of sheep in controlling weeds along the Madison River near the Wall Creek Game Range and the Taylor Peak pack. Also, in attendance were FWP, BLM and WS. Although there were initial problems with wolves and sheep last year all went well once the bugs were worked out of the portable electric fence for the bedding ground. A herder and guard dog were also present. The same system will be utilized for this area this year with the possible addition of a couple of extra guard dogs. This will be a 3-5 year effort to control weeds along the river. The use of chemical control near the water would only pollute the river. Fontaine, Asher and Ross are also cooperating with the Madison Valley Ranch Lands group to develop an updated ranch-oriented pamphlet patterned after the one the MT Stockgrowers developed several years ago. Fontaine also gave a presentation to the advanced biology class at the Ennis High School to about 6 students and teachers.
On the 23rd Fontaine attended a coordination meeting held at the Gallatin National Forest Service Office in Bozeman. The meeting was about Wildlife Services activities in regard to predator control on the National Forests and BLM lands in southwest Montana. The national MOU with WS and FS was discussed along with the local program that included grizzly bear and wolf control operations. In attendance were representatives from the Gallatin FS SO and district offices, FS Regional Office, WS, BLM, and FWP.
Hartman and pilot Dave Hoerner located Lupine wolf B79 in mortality mode SW of Lolo Pass. The location was several miles from highway 12, but was in fog so the site couldn't be seen from the air. The mortality is being investigated by USFWS and the Nez Perce Tribe.
Doug Smith met with PBS radio interviewer Liz Arnold on the 27th and with the Outdoor Life Network TV folks this week. Previously in the week Liz Arnold had spent some time in the field with Asher. Doug discussed wolves and the various research programs in Yellowstone National. Smith also talked to an International Wolf Center group of around 20 people on the 29th.
GRAY WOLF POISONED NEAR CLAYTON, IDAHO- U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service law enforcement agents have recently confirmed poisoning as the cause of death of a gray wolf in Idaho, and are seeking information from the public to help solve the crime. The collared wolf, known as B-143, was found to have been killed by a poison known as Compound 1080. The animal's carcass was found 6 miles northwest of Clayton, Idaho, in the Squaw Creek Drainage on May 18, 2003. Compound 1080 (sodium fluoroacetate) is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, water soluble, highly toxic chemical. The misuse of this chemical is unlawful. This chemical can be ingested by livestock, family pets, hikers, and children and can result in death from respiratory failure, seizures and heart attack. Animals or small children are most susceptible to poisoning due to ingestion, but the substance's toxins can also enter animal or human bloodstreams through contact with abraded skin or wounds, or through the respiratory system if dust particles are inhaled. "We are very interested in finding whoever is responsible for the crime. If anyone has information about the illegal killing of wolves, please contact the Service's law enforcement division. Callers may remain anonymous," said Scott Kabasa, a Special Agent in the Service's Boise field office. The killing of an animal protected under the Endangered Species Act is punishable by a fine of up to $100,000 and one year in jail. The Service is offering a reward of up to $2,500 for information leading to an arrest or conviction of the person or persons responsible for the poisoning of wolves. Service law enforcement agents may be reached at (208) 378-5333.
VOLUNTEER OPPORTUNITY
NEZ PERCE TRIBE
GRAY WOLF RECOVERY PROJECT
The Nez Perce Tribe is seeking volunteers to assist on the Idaho Gray Wolf Recovery Project for the 2004 field season. This is a great opportunity to gain valuable field experience while working in the rugged and beautiful backcountry of Idaho.
Work Environment: Work is conducted throughout the state of Idaho and SW Montana, including front-country (road accessible) and backcountry (remote and Wilderness) areas. This is a physically demanding position; extreme climate and terrain will be encountered. Volunteers may be required to carry up to 80 lbs. for varying distances over trail and cross-country conditions. Accommodations vary from cabins to backcountry houses to tent camping depending upon the locations of wolves and logistics. Travel is mostly by 4-wheel drive, ATV, fixed-wing aircraft, and foot.
Work Schedule: Typically 10 days on/4 days off, though work may extend beyond the 10 days depending upon conditions, Project needs, and logistics.
Duration: Expected approximately late May through September, but may be shorter depending upon access, workload, volunteer availability, and Project funding. Preference will be given to qualified applicants able to commit for extended periods of time.
Compensation: Includes transportation and $15.00/day while on duty. Some housing (travel trailers, USFS accommodations, and bunkhouse-style quarters) is available for non-duty days. Volunteers are covered under the Tribal Workmen's Compensation program.
Primary Duties: 1) assist in locating, via ground and aerial telemetry, potential breeding packs/pairs of wolves to determine reproductive status, 2) assist in obtaining accurate counts of wolf pups at home sites, 3) assist in documenting locations of wolf home sites, 4) assist in collecting scientific data on the ecology of wolves in Idaho, 5) assist in capturing, processing/handling, and radio-collaring wolves, and 6) other duties as assigned.
Qualifications: 1) documented experience backpacking and camping for extended periods of time in remote settings, 2) proficiency with orienteering (use of map and compass for navigating) required, 3) good physical condition, 4) must hold valid driver's license and be insurable under the Tribe's insurance policy, 5) must be willing to comply with the Tribe's drug and alcohol policy, 6) possess the ability to get along with others in backcountry settings for 10-day + time periods, 7) possess the ability to communicate verbally with interested and affected publics, 8) completion of, or enrollment in college/university Wildlife, or related, curriculum preferred, 9) radio-telemetry experience preferred, 10) capture, immobilizing, and handling/processing experience with wild animals preferred, and 11) experience flying in fixed-wing and helicopters preferred.
Application Period: Applications will be accepted from March 1, 2004 until March 31, 2004. Applications must be received at Gray Wolf Recovery Project office no later March 31, 2004. Applications received before March 1, 2004 and after March 31, 2004 will not be considered- no exceptions.
How to Apply: Submit a cover letter expressing interest in the Project, and resume detailing educational and employment backgrounds, along with the name and contact information of 3 work-related references. Send application materials to:
Nez Perce Tribe Gray Wolf Recovery Project
Attn: Volunteer Program
P.O. Box 1922
McCall, ID 83638
Telephone: (208) 634-1061
Fax: (208) 634-3231